Preheat your waffle iron. Set it to medium-high. You want waffles that are golden and crisp so they can support the burger and sauce without getting soggy.
Make the waffle batter. In one bowl, whisk flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In a second bowl, whisk buttermilk, eggs, melted butter, and vanilla. Combine the wet and dry ingredients until just mixed. A few small lumps are fine.
Cook the waffles. Lightly grease the iron.
Add enough batter to make 4 medium waffles (or 8 small ones if you prefer slider-style). Cook until deeply golden and crisp. Transfer to a wire rack to stay crisp while you cook the burgers.
Form the patties. Divide the beef into 4 equal portions.
Gently form into patties about 1/2 inch thick and slightly wider than your waffles. Make a small dimple in the center of each to prevent puffing.
Season well. Mix salt, pepper, garlic powder, and onion powder. Season both sides of each patty.
Don’t overwork the meat.
Sear the burgers. Heat a cast-iron skillet or griddle over medium-high until hot. Add a light slick of oil. Sear patties for 3–4 minutes per side for medium, or to your preferred doneness.
Avoid pressing them down; you’ll squeeze out juice.
Add the cheese. In the last minute of cooking, top each patty with a slice of cheese and cover the pan to help it melt.
Toast the waffle halves (optional but recommended). If your waffles have cooled, give them 30–60 seconds in a dry skillet or a few minutes in a warm oven to re-crisp.
Mix a quick sauce. Stir mayo and mustard together, or warm a little maple syrup or hot honey. You can also combine maple with a dash of hot sauce for a sweet heat.
Assemble. Place one waffle down, drizzle with a little maple or sauce, top with lettuce (if using), the cheesy patty, pickles, and a few onion slices. Drizzle a touch more maple or hot honey.
Cap with the second waffle.
Serve immediately. This burger is best hot, when the waffles are crisp and the cheese is melty.